surface-limited ray

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• Surface layering — is a quasi crystalline structure at the surfaces of otherwise disordered liquids, where atoms or molecules of even the simplest liquid are stratified into well defined layers parallel to the surface. While in crystalline solids such atomic layers …   Wikipedia

• surface analysis — ▪ chemistry Introduction       in analytical chemistry (chemistry), the study of that part of a solid that is in contact with a gas or a vacuum. When two phases of matter are in contact, they form an interface. The term surface is usually… …   Universalium

• Ray, Iran — Location map | Iran label=Ray lat deg=35|lat min=35 lon deg=51|lon min=26 position=right float=right caption=Location of Ray in Iran width= 175: See Rayshahr for the Sassanid center of learning in Fars province. Ray, also spelled Rey, Rayy,… …   Wikipedia

• List of Doctor Who DVD and Blu-ray releases — All of the Doctor Who Region 2 DVD Classic Series releases, as of 3 May 2010. This is a list of Doctor Who serials that are available on DVD and Blu ray. Contents 1 …   Wikipedia

• X-ray fluorescence — (XRF) is the emission of characteristic secondary (or fluorescent) X rays from a material that has been excited by bombarding with high energy X rays or gamma rays. The phenomenon is widely used for elemental analysis and chemical analysis,… …   Wikipedia

• X-ray computed tomography — For non medical computed tomography, see Industrial CT Scanning. catSCAN redirects here. For the Transformers character, see Transformers: Universe. X ray computed tomography Intervention A patient is receiving a CT scan for cancer. Outsid …   Wikipedia

• Blu-ray Disc — Blue ray redirects here. For the fish of the same name, see Neoraja caerulea. Blu ray Disc Media type …   Wikipedia

• X-ray astronomy — X rays start at 0.008 nm and extend across the electromagnetic spectrum to 8 nm, over which the Earth s atmosphere is opaque. X ray astronomy is an observational branch of astronomy which deals with the study of X ray observation and detection… …   Wikipedia

• Gamma ray burst — [ GRB 990123 taken on January 23, 1999. The burst is seen as a bright dot denoted by a square on the left, with an enlarged cutout on the right. The object above it with the finger like filaments is the originating galaxy. This galaxy seems to be …   Wikipedia

• Cosmic ray — For the film, see Cosmic Ray (film). Cosmic radiation redirects here. For some background types of cosmic radiation, see cosmic background radiation and cosmic background. The energy spectrum for cosmic rays Cosmic rays are energetic charged… …   Wikipedia

• X-ray tube — An X ray tube is a vacuum tube that produces X rays. They are used in X ray machines. X rays are part of the electromagnetic spectrum, an ionizing radiation with wavelengths shorter than ultraviolet light. X ray tubes evolved from experimental… …   Wikipedia